Palabras clave
Postoperative Complications
Portal Vein
Mesenteric Vein
Thrombosis
Anticoagulants
Categorías
Cómo citar
Resumen
La trombosis venosa portomesentérica (TVPM) se define como la obstrucción trombótica de la vena porta o de sus ramas principales. Se asocia con una variedad de factores y condiciones de riesgo, entre los cuales se encuentra la cirugía bariátrica. Su diagnóstico requiere un elevado índice de sospecha para orientar el estudio inicial y lograrlo precozmente. La evidencia actual se centra en la prevención mediante pautas de tiempos prolongados de tromboprofilaxis postquirúrgicos y se propone el tamizaje de trombofilias como parte del estudio preoperatorio de la cirugía bariátrica.
Se presenta el caso de una paciente de femenina de 21 años de edad, con antecedente de cirugía bariátrica reciente, quien acudió al servicio de urgencias debido a un cuadro inespecífico de dolor abdominal. La fuerte sospecha inicial de TVPM, principalmente en base a la historia clínica, permitió la realización oportuna de los estudios correspondientes y la instauración temprana del tratamiento anticoagulante.
Este caso subraya la importancia de reconocer la asociación entre TVPM y la cirugía bariátrica para un diagnóstico temprano. Además, resalta la relevancia de realizar un adecuado estudio imagenológico y de iniciar la anticoagulación de manera precoz, con el fin de mejorar los resultados en la paciente.
Referencias
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Derechos de autor 2025 Felipe Núñez Andia, Jasmín Orrego Millar, Gustavo Moreira Guilquiruca, Valentina Romero Hernández, Dr. Sebastián Reyes Zablah